{"id":18115,"date":"2022-12-09T14:21:24","date_gmt":"2022-12-09T13:21:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.simzine.news\/?p=18115"},"modified":"2023-06-22T11:53:31","modified_gmt":"2023-06-22T09:53:31","slug":"simulacion-un-cambio-de-paradigma-en-el-cuidado-de-la-salud","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.simzine.news\/es\/experience-es\/simulacion-un-cambio-de-paradigma-en-el-cuidado-de-la-salud\/","title":{"rendered":"Simulaci\u00f3n, un cambio de paradigma en el cuidado de la salud"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00bfEs el entrenamiento basado en simulaci\u00f3n un cambio de paradigma reciente en la historia de la atenci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica? Hugo Azevedo, presidente de Nasco Healthcare, y Willem van Meurs, un exitoso dise\u00f1ador de simuladores, comparten sus pensamientos<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Of paradigms and shifts<\/span>

\nThe concept of a scientific paradigm was introduced by Thomas Kuhn in his 1962 book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions<\/em>. Strictly speaking, a paradigm shift is made necessary when data have been accumulating that cannot be explained within the current paradigm. For example, the geocentric model, where the Sun, Moon, stars, and planets all orbit Earth, could explain the movements of these bodies, but had to use many additional assumptions, and could only do so in approximation. Copernicus’ heliocentric model provided an explanation that was both simpler and more accurate, but had to wait for Galileo’s observation of moons clearly circling Jupiter to become generally accepted. Over the years, the term \u00abparadigm shift\u00bb also became used for radical changes in both perspective and practice. Even with that broader notion, true paradigm shifts are rare.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cambios de paradigma en el cuidado de la salud<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El cuidado de la salud ha conocido algunos cambios de paradigma. Se nos ocurre la creaci\u00f3n de las escuelas de medicina en la edad media y un enfoque basado en el conocimiento para el diagn\u00f3stico y el tratamiento. La teor\u00eda de los g\u00e9rmenes de la enfermedad fue un gran avance en el control de infecciones. La cirug\u00eda sin inmenso sufrimiento y severas limitaciones en las intervenciones floreci\u00f3 s\u00f3lo despu\u00e9s del control de infecciones y despu\u00e9s de la invenci\u00f3n de la anestesia moderna. Poder mirar dentro de las personas sin tener que abrirlas a trav\u00e9s de rayos X y otras modalidades de imagen es otra. Argumentamos que la capacitaci\u00f3n basada en simulaci\u00f3n en el cuidado de la salud tambi\u00e9n lo es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Simulation-base training in healthcare<\/span>

\nWell into the nineties of the last century, nurses trained on lifeless dummies, medical students on dogs and sheep, and residents on real patients. In the words of Amitai Ziv et al. (2003) it now has become an \u201cethical imperative\u201d to use simulation, at least for initial training. This is more than a mere change in modality; besides the ethical aspects, thanks to simulation, healthcare has now gained control over the presented content and the timing of training. For example, it is no longer necessary to wait for rare cases to occur.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Desaf\u00edos pendientes<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The shift from fixed duration\/variable performance toward variable duration\/fixed performance training is far from complete. The lack of objective performance metrics may be a hurdle in that process. The complementary merits of simulated patients<\/a> (actors) and patient simulators (devices) are still not well documented, and integration of simulation-based training in healthcare in curricula<\/a> remains a challenge. Standardization of training scenarios<\/a> and their use across platforms are other challenges. Together with the editorial team of SIMZINE <\/a>we will continue to identify these remaining challenges, and together with our fellow simulator designers we keep looking for solutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

<\/p>\nAcknowledgements:<\/strong> This article was based on a 2022 post by Hugo Azevedo. Dr. van Meurs is a consultant to Nasco Healthcare.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

LEE TAMBI\u00c9N<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n
A neologism in simulation: skillary<\/a><\/blockquote>